Ubuntu¶

APT¶

Compare Version Number¶

dpkg --compare-versions 1.2.7-0trusty lt 1.2.7+0trusty && echo true
true

lt: less than
gt: greater than

Package Information¶

apt-cache policy PACKAGE_NAME

This will give you information about available versions and which version will be installed and from where:

$ apt-cache policy libqt5opengl5-dev

libqt5opengl5-dev:
  Installed: 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3
  Candidate: 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3
  Version table:
 *** 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 0
        500 http://ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14 0
        500 http://ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

Hash Sum Mismatch¶

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update

List Packages from Repository¶

List all packages that are installed from a specific repository/ppa.

sudo apt-get install aptitude
aptitude search "?origin (ethz) ?installed"

List Packages without Repository¶

List all packages that are installed, but do not belong to a repository/ppa.

sudo apt-get install apt-show-versions
apt-show-versions | grep 'No available version'

Battery¶

TLP documentation

Install the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw
sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms

Check which of the above modules (tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms) you need.

sudo tlp-stat -b -s -c

Modify the battery thresholds:

sudo vim /etc/default/tlp

Blacklist the Bluetooth device to avoid disconnections:

$ lsusb

Bus 003 Device 004: ID 8087:07dc Intel Corp.

add this 8087:07dc to the file /etc/default/tlp

USB_BLACKLIST="8087:07dc"

To (re)start tlp without a reboot:

sudo tlp start

Charge battery full (ignoring the threshold once):

sudo tlp fullcharge

Recalibrate the battery:

sudo tlp recalibrate

Bluetooth¶

Connect Logitech MX Master¶

If you already tried to connect the MX Master, remove the Bluetooth device. And execute the following steps. Source

bluetoothctl

[bluetooth]# power off
[bluetooth]# power on
[bluetooth]# scan on
[bluetooth]# connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
[Arc Touch Mouse SE]# trust
[Arc Touch Mouse SE]# connect XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
[Arc Touch Mouse SE]# pair
[Arc Touch Mouse SE]# unblock
[Arc Touch Mouse SE]# power off
[bluetooth]# power on

Connect Headphones¶

To ensure the headphones connect with A2DP and not with HSP/HFP.

sudo vim /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf

Add the lines:

[General]
Disable=Headset

Restart Bluetooth:

sudo service bluetooth restart

Find Files¶

Delete Empty Folders¶

find . -empty -type d -delete

Delete Temporary Files¶

find . -type f -name '*.~' -delete

Large Files¶

sudo find / -size +1G -ls

Grub¶

Remove Old Ubuntu Kernel¶

dpkg -l | grep linux-image-

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.5.0-{17,18,19}-generic

Remove Old Ubuntu Kernel¶

First remove any leftover temporary files from previous kernel updates.

$ sudo rm -rv ${TMPDIR:-/var/tmp}/mkinitramfs-*

Determine the version number of the currently running kernel, which you DO NOT want to remove.

uname -r

List all the kernels, including the booted one (4.2.0-21-generic in this example), in the package database and their statuses.

dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+'

To free space in /boot we’ll remove an initrd.img file for a suitable old kernel manually, this is necessary due to a kenel packaging bug.

sudo update-initramfs -d -k 4.2.0-15-generic

Now we’ll use dpkg in order to TRY to purge the kernel package for the same old kernel:

sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-4.2.0-15-generic

NOTE: The previous command will probably fail, as there probably is a depending linux-image-extra package installed together with a ‘generic’ kernel package. In general, the output of the previous command will tell which package you need to remove first. In this example case you would run

sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-4.2.0-15-generic linux-image-extra-4.2.0-15-generic

Finally, we will fix the package installation process that previously failed.

sudo apt-get -f install         ## Try to fix the broken dependency.

Start Custom OS/Kernel¶

sudo vim /etc/default/grub

Edit the following line:

GRUB_DEFAULT="Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-53-generic"

Update grub.

sudo update-grub

Java¶

Change Java Version¶

Download e.g. jdk-8u121-linux-x64.tar.gz from Oracle and unzip the folder to e.g. /opt/jdk1.8.0_121.

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_121/bin/java 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_121/bin/javac 1

sudo update-alternatives --config java
sudo update-alternatives --config javac

java -version
javac -version

Network¶

Scan IP Addresses¶

Angry IP Scanner

sudo nmap -sP 192.168.0.0/24

sudo arp-scan --retry=8 --ignoredups -I wlan0 192.168.0.0/24

Show DNS¶

nmcli dev list iface wlan0 | grep IP4.DNS

Set DNS¶

sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

sudo vim /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head

Restart Network Interface¶

sudo ifdown eth0
sudo ifup eth0

Terminal Analyse¶

bmon
tcptrack

IP Tables - Jenkins¶

Add Rules¶

Jenkins tutorial

List iptables rules:

iptables -L -n

Add rules:

sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 8443 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

Add forwarding:

sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
sudo iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8443

Save rules:

sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules"
sudo apt-get install iptables-persistent

Remove Rules¶

Remove rules

Problem Solving¶

CLion Keyboard ibus Fix¶

Source

This solution is if you would like to upgrade ibus in Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS to the latest version (at the time of writing is 1.5.11).

I recently had to install Intellij on a clean installed Ubuntu machine. These are the steps I took:

Install the dependencies

sudo apt-get install libdconf-dev libnotify-dev intltool libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libdbus-1-dev

Download the ibus 1.5.11 source code (linked from here)
Extract the files (tar -xvf ibus-1.5.11.tar.gz) and cd into the extracted folder
While in the ibus source folder, follow the instructions from step 1 to install ibus 1.5.11:
```
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc && make
sudo make install
```
Restart Intellij IDE or whichever jetbrain’s IDE that is in question

dbus Fix¶

Maybe rename ~/.dbus and ~/.dbus-keyrings.

sudo service dbus restart
reboot

Graphics Card Repair (Black Screen)¶

Remove a (not working) Nvidia graphics card driver:

Boot
If screen is black, press Ctrl + Alt + F1
Login with your username and password

sudo stop lightdm
sudo apt-get purge nvidia*
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-nouveau
sudo reboot

gvfs Fix¶

sudo umount ~/.gvfs
sudo rm -rf ~/.gvfs

usbserial Fix¶

sudo modprobe usbmon
sudo modprobe usbserial vendor=<VENDOR ID> product=<PRODUCT ID>

SSH¶

Start SSH Agent¶

eval $(ssh-agent)
ssh-add

Tools¶

Audio Settings¶

To change your audio settings in command line, use e.g. alsamixer.

alsamixer

File Manager¶

A command line file manager.

sudo apt-get install mc

PDF Editor PDFtk ¶

E.g. take some pages and store them in a new PDF.

sudo apt-get install pdftk
pdftk full.pdf cat 1-5 output outfile_p1-5.pdf

USB¶

USB Information¶

Get extended information about an USB device (serial, vendor/product id, …).

udevadm info -q all -n /dev/ttyUSB0
// or
udevadm info --attribute-walk --name=/dev/ttyUSB0

Restart udev.

sudo systemctl restart udev
sudo udevadm trigger

Get video information.

v4l2-ctl --all -d /dev/video0
v4l2-ctl --list-formats -d /dev/video0

Ubuntu¶

APT¶

Compare Version Number¶

Package Information¶

Hash Sum Mismatch¶

List Packages from Repository¶

List Packages without Repository¶

Battery¶

Bluetooth¶

Connect Logitech MX Master¶

Connect Headphones¶

Find Files¶

Delete Empty Folders¶

Delete Temporary Files¶

Large Files¶

Grub¶

Remove Old Ubuntu Kernel¶

Remove Old Ubuntu Kernel¶

Start Custom OS/Kernel¶

Java¶

Change Java Version¶

Network¶

Scan IP Addresses¶

Show DNS¶

Set DNS¶

Restart Network Interface¶

Terminal Analyse¶

Share Internet Over WIFI/Ethernet¶

Server¶

Client¶

IP Tables - Jenkins¶

Add Rules¶

Remove Rules¶

Problem Solving¶

CLion Keyboard ibus Fix¶

dbus Fix¶

Graphics Card Repair (Black Screen)¶

gvfs Fix¶

usbserial Fix¶

SSH¶

Start SSH Agent¶

Tools¶

Audio Settings¶

File Manager¶

PDF Editor PDFtk¶

USB¶

USB Information¶

PDF Editor PDFtk ¶